Conscription Paragraph Essay Example for Free

Conscription Paragraph Essay Out on the battlefield many men were lost saving families and there country. These men are honoured for being heroes for what they have done and because of there actions less men were killed, families receive there family members faster and some men get to see another day. This was all possible from the government using conscription. After the government decided to use conscription this made many people and families angry but they did not see the good and the need for it. They used every volunteer that they received yet it was not enough and that it was necessary to use force to gather the men needed to help fight and win the war. Due to the more soldiers fighting the faster then men got to come home to their families and with the amount of men recruited more families and friends were saved. The men who had joined the army learned that all is the same out in the battlefield and there class, wealth, race, or religion we all become equal when fighting and protecting your country. Conscription helped and forced lazy and unemployed people to work and get paid and honoured for what they are doing, which is better then doing nothing all day. In the process of joining the war the men were trained and put in to a fitness training to make them healthier and strong for and after the war. All of the men who came back are now remembered as heroes and honoured for there bravery and courage. Yes the government broke the promise about using conscription however the war was in our favour and families, friends, country were all saved and protected in the process. We have made a face on the earth and shown our power to all the countries out there and tell them to beware because we will fight and we ill win.

What Is A Sexual Revolution?

What Is A Sexual Revolution? Answer: Sexual revolution is a social movement that challenged traditional codes of behavior related to sexuality and interpersonal relationship throughout the Western world from the 1960s into the 1980s. At the end of the Second World War, Wilhelm Reich introduced American readers to some of his earlier writings under the title The Sexual Revolution (1945). Explaining that this revolution went to the roots of human emotional, social, and economic existence, he presented himself as a radical (from Latin radix: root), i.e. as a man who examines these roots and who then fearlessly speaks the truth that sets humanity free. The truth, according to Reich, was that Western civilization had made people sick by imposing on them an unnatural, destructive sexual morality. However, thanks to various modern social and scientific upheavals, the natural human life functions were finally awakening after a sleep of thousands of years. The future would restore sexual health and, for the first time, bring full human autonomy. In 19th-century France and Germany several new small revolutions tried to speed up the process of modernization and to expand individual rights, but they failed. Repressive marriage and family laws and the denial of suffrage kept women in their place. Literary censorship hampered the free flow of ideas and kept the public sexually ignorant. Nevertheless, when technological progress made the mass production of condoms possible, many men and women began to plan the size of their families and thus quietly started a contraceptive revolution. As a result, they gained at least some measure of sexual self-determination, even if it remained unrecognized by the state. Eventually, however, the gap between traditional ideology and practical reality grew so wide that a drastic readjustment was all but inevitable. This readjustment was brought about by the First World War which announced the collapse of the rigid old political order. In 1917, when the revolution came to Russia, it expressly inclu ded equal rights for women and universal sexual freedom in its program. Thus, for the first time, a sexual revolution became official government policy. By the same token, in the bourgeois, capitalist societies of the West which are dedicated to individual freedom, the sexual revolution continues. The right to sexual self-determination is considered as important as ever, and, indeed, various sexual liberation groups are working hard to extend it. In the United States, the struggle for an Equal Rights Amendment, legal abortion, the repeal of sodomy, prostitution and obscenity laws, and an end to discrimination against homosexuals are perhaps the best known current examples. At the same time, more and more people also take advantage of those sexual rights that have already been granted. Thus, the movement toward sexual emancipation is still gaining in strength. It is this change in attitude, more than anything else, that amounts to a revolution. Instead of blindly following inherited customs, we now decide for ourselves what sexual activity is proper. Therefore, even if our overt behavior remains the same, it now has a different meaning. We have learned that there are alternatives, that there is nothing eternal or sacred about our sexual morality. We no longer submit to blanket taboos or suspend our judgment. In short, we have become used to questioning the legitimacy of our traditions. At least in this sense, the talk about a sexual revolution is fully justified. We have to remember that significant social changes occur not only when people change what they do. It may be enough that they change the way they think about it. It may be enough that different behaviors become defensible, that moral options develop which did not exist before. The old sexual standards seemed unassailable as long as they were taken for granted. However, today radical changes of all sorts have become conceivable and even plausible to many formerly uncritical men and women. Thus, past and present are no longer reliable guides to the future. Religious dogmas have been replaced by scientific hypotheses, certainties by doubts. At the same time, our choices and responsibilities have increased. There is cause for great joy as well as for great anxiety, in the area of sex, as in so many other areas of life, virtually anything seems to have become possible. b) Why do societies control peoples sexual behavior? Answer: Human sexual activities or human sexual practices or human sexual behavior refers to the manner in which humans experience and express their sexuality. People engage in a variety of sexual acts from time to time, and for a wide variety of reasons. Sexual activity normally results in sexual arousal and physiological changes in the aroused person, some of which are pronounced while others are more subtle. Sexual activity also includes conduct and activities which are intended to arouse the sexual interest of another, such as strategies to find or attract partners (mating and display behavior), and personal interactions between individuals, such as flirting and foreplay. Human sexual activity has psychological, biological, physical and emotional aspects. Biologically, it refers to the reproductive mechanism as well as the basic biological drive that exists in all species and can encompass sexual intercourse and sexual contact in all its forms. Emotional aspects deal with the int ense personal bonds and emotions generated between sexual partners by a sexual activity. Physical issues around sexuality range from purely medical considerations to concerns about the physiological or even psychological and sociological aspects of sexual behavior. In some cultures sexual activity is considered acceptable only within marriage, although premarital and extramarital sex are also common. Some sexual activities are illegal either universally or in some countries, and some are considered against the norms of a society. For example, sexual activity with a person below some age of consent and sexual assault in general are criminal offenses in many jurisdictions. c) How does sexuality play a part in social inequality? Answer: sexuality play an important part in the social inequality such as interpersonal behavior. Day-to-day interaction between women and men perpetuates male dominance. Gender differences in conversational patterns reflect differences in power. Womens speech is more polite than mens. Women end statements with tag questions (dont you agree? you know?). Men are more direct, interrupt more, and talk more, notwithstanding the stereotype that women are more talkative. Males typically initiate interaction with women; they pursue, while females wait to be asked out (Eitzen, 2000:260). Of the issues discussed in this chapter (prostitution, teen pregnancy, pornography, sexual violence and abortion) which do you think is the most important for Malaysian society today? Why? Answer: From the sex video created by Umno to topple Opposition Leader Anwar Ibrahim right down to the MACC officer caught watching smut in office, Malaysian news now only have one major point to highlight: sex and pornography The production and distribution of pornographic movies are economic activities of some importance. The exact size of the economy of pornography and the influence that it plays in political circles are matters of controversy. In many countries it is legal to both produce and distribute pornography featuring performers age 18 or older; however there are often restrictions placed upon such material. If we were to stop for a moment and take the time to properly assess the community impact of internet pornography, it would soon become clear that internet pornography is not the height of evil which do-gooder parliamentarians and parental groups profess. Indeed, it is probably one of the main factors contributing to a Professor Damato suggests there are two predominant reasons why an increase in the availability of pornography has led to a reduction in rape. First, using pornographic material provides an easy avenue for the sexually desirous to get it out of their system. Second, Damato points to the so-called Victorian effect. This dates back to the old Victorian era where people covered up their bodies with an immense amount of clothing, generating a greater mystery as to what they looked like naked. Damato suggests that the free availability of pornography since the 1970s, and the recent bombardment of internet pornography, has de-mystified sex, thus satisfying the sexually curious. You may well ask while this positive correlation between an increase in pornography (specifically internet pornography) and a reduction in rape has been demonstrated in the United States, do the statistics in Australia present a similar positive correlation? Ana Mendieta and Jenny Saville: Compare and Contrast Essay Ana Mendieta and Jenny Saville: Compare and Contrast Essay Compare and contrast the work of two contemporary women illustrators or artists. Situate their work in a social and historical context and examine how their work addresses questions of gendered identity. In this essay, I will examine the work of Ana Mendieta and Jenny Saville, two contemporary women artists from two separate movements in history; The Womens Movement of the 1970s, and The Britart Movement of the 1990s. I will compare and contrast the different approaches they take on female subjectivity, and then conclude with whom raises questions of gendered identity the most effectively. Jenny Saville was sprung into the art world when Charles Saatchi famously discovered her work and set her up in a studio to paint more pictures for him to buy. She joined the ranks of other young British artists to be part of the movement known as Britart, an explosion which culminated from media and political hype at that time, namely Cool Brittania. Saville read extensively on the subject of feminist theory, with particular interest on why, as feminist art historian Linda Nochlin pointed out, there have been no great women artists. Her paintings are often compared to old masters Rubens and Courbet, but most usually to contemporary painter Lucien Freud. As such, she is typically described as a New Old Master based on the technical aptitude and sheer scale of her female nudes which are implicitly related to the male-dominated art history. Unlike those male predecessors, Saville paints from a starkly female point of view. Her figures are not the idealised stereotype of beauty painted with the male gaze in mind; their flesh takes on all manner of mottled tones and their bodies are far from erotically posed.The history of art has been dominated by men, living in ivory towers, seeing women as sexual objects. I paint women as most women see themselves. I try to catch their identity, their skin, their hair, their heat, their leakiness. I do have this sense with female flesh that things are leaking out. A lot of our flesh is blue, like butchers meat. In history, pubic hair has always been perfect, painted by men. In real life, it moves around, up your stomach, or down your legs. (Independent interview, 1994) Plan, 1993, a 9ft high nude self portrait, towers above the viewer like a mountain of flesh. The figures arm is drawn across both breasts in a gesture which suggests negativity while the scale of the canvas and perspective makes the body look gargantuan; the contours of the flesh are marked as if Saville is on a hospital trolley waiting for her fat to be sucked out by a cosmetic surgeon. Alison Rowley asks if Saville worries about her size in an article on scale. it would be possible to read as signified by the size of the canvas for Plan Savilles figuration of the psychic dimensions of her own body, as it is constructed at the intersection of her physical body with all those discourses, of the fashion and cosmetics, the diet, health products and plastic surgery industry, that operate to produce the sign desirable feminine body for this culture as something other than her size and shape. The composition of the figure within the frame strengthens this signification: not only does it n eed a canvas 9 x 7 to accommodate it but even then its a squash to get it in. As I understand it, Saville addresses her gender through challenging the expectations placed on women to look good in a male-dominated society. She herself admits I havent had liposuction myself but I did fall for that body wrap thing where they promise four inches off, or your money back. and she states beauty as being the male image of the female body. (Independent Interview, 1994) She frequently uses herself in her images but the exaggerated folds of flesh speak volumes in an age where we are obsessed with our bodies. The standard reaction, particularly from a male view point is to recoil in disgust, prompting us to question how the media has so effectively brainwashed a society to think plastic surgery is normal; when in fact the horrifying reality is that women now feel a desperate sense of urgency to have their bodies prodded, probed and sliced in the name of beauty. By materializing the abject female body, Saville reveals what lurks in the feminine imagination. That is to say, by representing a specific idea of femininity, she speaks to the disparity between the way that many women feel about their bodies and the reality of how those bodies are perceived by others. Michelle Meagher. Jenny Saville and a Feminist Aesthetics of Disgust. Page 34 Jenny Savilles monumental paintings speak up for women with a strong political message for the age we live in. She pushes her brilliant and relentless embodiment of our worst anxieties about our own corporeality and gender Nochlin, Linda 2000. Floating in Gender Nirvana. Art in America 88. Page 97) with shocking reality and is a testament to how history and society has shaped us. In the series Closed Contact, Saville took a diversion from paint to collaborate with fashion photographer Glen Luchford. The resulting grotesquely distorted self-portraits were achieved via manipulation of the flesh upon a plane of perspex. The same strikingly similar effects were created in a work entitled Glass on Body from 1972 by the artist Ana Mendieta. She, as Saville, manipulated her face, breasts, hips, thighs and buttocks against a sheet of glass, thus interpreting her body as sculpture to provocative effect. Saville refers to her body as a prop, saying in an interview with Elton John Its like loaning my body to myself. So the flesh becomes like a material. In the photographs the flesh was like paint. Those pictures all came out of my exposure to plastic surgery. I worked with this plastic surgeon in New York for quite a few months, and I saw all of this manipulation of flesh and liposuction and surgeons fists moving around inside breasts. (Interview. Elton John. October 20 03.) I think a reference to Mendietas manipulation of her own malleable flesh against the glass and the resulting carnivalesque perversion of her once recognizable figure turn body art toward such feminist issues as the normative construction of beauty and the female body as monstrous other. Blocker, Jane Where is Ana Mendieta? Identity, Performativity, and Exile (Durham: Duke University Press, 1999) P.11 is an equally appropriate understanding of Savilles art. Anna Mendieta emerged during the womans art movement of the 1970s. Being exiled from her native country of Cuba when she was 12 years old resulted in feelings of displacement, and she addressed issues of cultural identity as well as her gender through performance and body art. Unlike Saville, who traditionally uses paint in a realist sense, Mendieta explored these relatively new mediums when she realized my paintings were not real enough for what I wanted the image to convey and by real I mean I wanted my images to have power, to be magic. (Ana Mendieta: Pain of Cuba, Body I Am Kaira M. Cabanas Womans Art Journal, Vol. 20, Page 12) While dealing with taboo subject matter she could directly change the male gaze from one customarily of desire and give a voice to the female nude that for centuries before did not have one. In a performance in 1972, Mendieta had a male friend shave off his facial hair as she applied the pieces to her face, thus assuming the symbols of male identity. Savi lle addressed the same issue with Passage, 2004, which features a transvestite between genders.Thirty or forty years ago this body couldnt have existed and I was looking for a kind of contemporary architecture of the body. I wanted to paint a visual passage through gender a sort of gender landscape. (Saatchi Gallery) Although both artists focus on the female body, Mendieta used her own for every art piece she created and, unlike Saville, she took her work out of the studio. Her Siluetas series combined issues of race and identity when she left imprints of her body in the landscape. These earth-body sculptures were created with natural materials such as flowers, earth, fire and blood and, as with most of her works, were linked to the rituals of Santeria, a religion that grew out of the slave trade in Cuba and which Mendieta studied to get back to her roots. The Siluetas seem to change form and shape from one to the other, and some take on the exaggerated appearance of a vagina, the uniquely female thing that appears central to most feminist art. by creating a fusion with nature, Mendieta affirms, through their common fertility, a feminine specificity. The Earth-mother in this respect constitutes an all powerful, truly mythical generality, in which Mendietas body literally melts, and in a certain s ense becomes lost; the affirmation of a collective identity so clearly implying the dissolution of personal identity. Creissels, Anne From Leda to Daphne, Sacrifice and Virginity in the Work of Ana Mendieta in The Sacred and the Feminine, Imagination and Sexual Difference, ed. By Griselda Pollock and Victoria Turvey Sauron (London: I.B.Tauris, 2007) p. 183 The problem is that women working with nature is regarded as a uniquely feminine approach and has the disadvantage of contributing to the perpetuation of a system of domination founded on the opposition of the sexes. Creissels, Anne From Leda to Daphne, Sacrifice and Virginity in the Work of Ana Mendieta in The Sacred and the Feminine, Imagination and Sexual Difference, ed. By Griselda Pollock and Victoria Turvey Sauron (London: I.B.Tauris, 2007) p. 183 An earlier work from 1973, Rape Scene, was a performance in which Mendieta smeared herself in blood and tied herself face down on a table to be discovered by colleagues she had invited to her apartment. It dealt with violence against the female body and aimed to expose the violence and control that can lie behind the (male) gaze, which for them (us) is neither novel nor escapable. (Where is Ana Mendieta? Jane Blocker. Page 15) A photograph documenting the scene appears remarkably as if intended to look like forensic evidence. Blood was frequently used in Mendietas performances to spark controversy. A Self-portrait from 1973 shows Mendieta with blood running down her face as she looks down into the lens of the camera. This compares with a piece by Saville entitled Reverse, in which the artists head is shown sideways on a reflective surface. Both Mendietas and Savilles faces look bloodied and brutal, as though they had been beaten up. The eyes in both are empty and listless. Lips are parted. The depiction of Savilles face in Reverse as swollen and scabbed actually comes from her fascination with plastic surgery and the women who underwent such operations. However, she would never call her paintings self-portraits as she is not interested in the outward personality. I dont use the anatomy of my face because I like it, not at all. I use it because it brings out something from inside, a neurosis. (Under the skin, The Guardian, Suzie Mackenzie, 22/10/2005) Ana Mendieta and other artists involved with the womans art movement did accomplish a lot by breaking the boundaries and bringing to light the injustices women have to bear just for being female thus establishing a place for womens art. The visual language raised by Mendieta in her performances had an ethereal poignancy reflecting her traumatic childhood experience. However, as other female artists of the era were creating art with their bodies while spiritually bonding with nature it was easy to term them as Goddess Artists Edelson, Mary Beth, Male Grazing: An Open Letter to Thomas McEvilley in Feminisim-Art-Theory, an Anthology 1968-2000, ed. By Hilary Robinson (Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 2001)P.593 a category they vehemently objected to, but nonetheless, creating giant vaginas and frolicking naked in the leaves can detract from the serious feminist angle. Jenny Savilles art cannot be taken anything but seriously. Her uniquely female perspective of nude women which have historic ally been painted by men for centuries begs the question, has a patriarchal art history defined beauty? The expectations placed on women to look a certain way are crushingly everywhere. The female form is nothing but an object of desire for the very men that moulded this ideal and the women who desire that unattainable ideal. In a society where women are controlled via a visual media which has evolved from pictures made by man, Saville has opened my eyes to the rituals I perform in the upkeep of being female. In contrast, Mendietas ritualistic performances, although captivating and thought provoking, seem more about self-cleansing and embedded in the spiritual to compete with men in a patriarchal art world.

Pearl Harbor Essay -- essays papers

Pearl Harbor After Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States joined the Allies and became a crucial element to an Allied victory. Though strategy was initially aimed at crushing Hitler and the Nazis, Allied forces persevered for years on different continents, with different leaders, and with varied objectives. Eventually, anything was being said, done, or invented in order to lessen the strength of the opposing forces - not just Germany. Many of the Allies’ attacks, particularly those led and carried out by the Americans, became turning points which helped to determine victory. First and foremost, the Allies were intent on destroying the German war machine. Beginning in 1942, during some of America and Britain’s first collaborations, German cities and Nazi centers were bombed by Allied planes. This succesfully hampered war production and tangled communications for the Germans. Consequently, American General Dwight Eisenhower found it easier to invade Nazi-controlled French North Africa. From Africa, while the air attacks on Germany continued, the Allies invaded Sicily. Eventually, the Allies were able to push through to the Italian mainland and force Mussolini’s successor to surrender, only then having to clear the country of Germans through months of rigorous fighting. These events, because of American involvement and leadership, rapidly propelled the great war forward and helped to ultimately weaken the enemy. Having thus overwhelmed Germany...

Juvenile Delinquency Essays -- Youth Crime essays research papers

Juvenile Delinquency There is no doubt that various experts can give us many theories as to the causes of juvenile delinquency, including one's economic background, substance abuse, delinquent peer groups, repeated exposure to violence, increased availability of firearms and media violence. However, I feel that the number one cause of juvenile delinquency is the breakdown of families, including lack of parental control over children. It is ironic in America, today, one must have a driver's license to operate a vehicle, a permit to own a gun and even a license to own a dog, but one does not have to have training or a license in order to become a parent. Without specialized educational programs in child development and parenting, many of our future parents will not have a chance at becoming successful parents and worse, yet, many parents today are already contributing to the ever-increasing problem of juvenile delinquency simply by not knowing how to be parents. Being a parent is a lifelong commitment and new parents must learn parenting skills immediately; they do not have the luxury of internships and often times, mistakes in parenting will have drastic effects on the child. There are many reasons for the widespread crisis in families today. Below are some of those causes: Changes in the Social Environment - there have been many changes in our social environment over the last twenty-five years. These changes have made a risky environment for today's youth. Children and teenagers spend more time with peer groups than ever before. Drugs and deadly weapons are used increasingly as ways to solve problems. Illicit and explicit sexuality and violence are the main subjects of choice in the media; and the impact of media influence has widened and become more vivid with the introduction of computers, video games, portable stereos and MTV. Changes in Family Structure and Functioning - The prevalence of divorce and the increasing number of women in the workplace have reduced the number of adults who provide interaction, structure and supervision in a child's life. Along with this, institutions have not kept pace in providing alternative programs for unsupervised kids. Add to this new parenting expectations that come with single parent and step-parent families and you now have a confusing, often inconsistent and/or unreliable home base for children. Confusion... ... Reference Page 1. Kortege, Carglyn. Parenthood Training Promoted. The Register Guard. Des Moines, IA www.os/c.org/InTheNews/parenthood 2. Child Abuse Prevention Network, "Moral Development and Boys, James Garbarino, PH.D www.child.cornell.edu/npr.violentboys 3. Conseur, Amy, Rivera, Frederick P., Baronski, Robert and Irvin, Emanuel, "Maternal and Perinatal Risk Factors for Later Delinquency." Pediatrics, June, 1997, v. 99, p 785 (6) 4. Berg, Stacie Zoe, "High Praise For Strict Parenting," Insight on the News, Sept. 1, 1997, v 13, n 32, p. 43 (1) 5. Encarta Online Deluxe, Juvenile Crime www.encarta.msn.com/encart 6. Alternatives For Parents Who Have Lost Control www.fbcbaytown.org/parents 7. Boostrom, Ron, "Enduring Issues in Criminology - Opposing Viewpoints," Greenhaven Press, Inc., P.O. Box 289009, San Diego, CA 92198-9009, p. 121-125, 173-174, 180 8. MacKenzie, D.L. 1997, Criminal Justice and Crime Prevention. In Preventing Crime: What Works, What Doesn't, What Looks Promising (A Report to the United States Congress), eds. L.W. Sherman, D. Gottfredson, D.MacKenzie, J. Eck, P. Reuter and S. Bushway, Washington, D.C. - National Institute of Justice

Men, What Are We :: essays research papers

Men, what are we? Men, is described as a mammal, a vertebrates. Rabbit, cow, are also mammals but they follow a rule. They exist with the ecosystem in a unique balance, food web that is determined from producers to 1st order consumer, to 2nd . 1st orders being the herbivore like rabbit. 2nd the predators, fox. Because of the food web the population of a species are well balanced. They now how and when to stop, in growth of a population. But men deny the term mammal. We cry havoc into the world of order and destroy anything that gets in our way. We seek riches and high society. We burn forest after forest, crippling the land once rich, and full of life. Just to produce paper when it can be harvested using hash. To use the land for cattle for 3 year when it could of lived till end of the world it self. What are we? Over the history of time there is the losers and the winners. There have been wars, hatred of different colors of skin. This kind of behavior is seen in the apes, they fight to keep their stasis, show cruelty to others. But they never kill there own. They throw them into exile for a month and they can be reentered into the â€Å"family†. The ape (gorillas) is trying to survive and give the best gene to the next line of youth. We also do that. But that doesn’t explain the cruel behavior to â€Å"unusual† people. We are developed mostly with love, from our families and we hate. We all went though when we were bugged, and battered. Yet, when the time comes and the table has turned to another, we join and show cruelty. There is no animal that behaves like us. Men are trying to survive to, get good job, and give the beast for family. In nature more likely then less there is a born instinct, instinct to eat, run, and swim up the river when time to lay eggs, and instinc t to kill. No matter what there is an individual whom lived in a good family, good life, had all wanted and more. Loving family, and friends. Who become killers for fun, mantle maybe. But most are described as natural born killer. The fact of natural born killer is still deviated, wither the gene can carry a killer, to they are good people but the nurture was bad.

Equity Research Report Hul

EQUITY RESEARCH REPORT (HUL) FMCG SECTOR INDIA OUTLOOK The burgeoning middle class Indian population, as well as the rural sector, present a huge potential for this sector. The FMCG sector in India is at present, the fourth largest sector with a total market size in excess of USD 13 billion as of 2012. This sector is expected to grow to a USD 33 billion industry by 2015 and to a whooping USD 100 billion by the year 2025. This sector is characterized by strong MNC presence and a well established distribution network. In India the easy availability of raw materials as well as cheap labour makes it an ideal destination for this sector.There is also intense competition between the organised and unorganised segments and the fight to keep operational costs low. CHALLENGES TO FMCG SECTOR * Increasing rate of inflation, which is likely to lead to higher cost of raw materials. * The standardization of packaging norms that is likely to be implemented by the Government by Jan 2013 is expected t o increase cost of beverages, cereals, edible oil, detergent, flour, salt, aerated drinks and mineral water. * Steadily rising fuel costs, leading to increased distribution costs. The present slow-down in the economy may lower demand of FMCG products, particularly in the premium sector, leading to reduced volumes. * The declining value of rupee against other currencies may reduce margins of many companies, as Marico, Godrej Consumer Products, Colgate, Dabur, etc who import raw materials. HIGH GROWTH DRIVING FACTOR * Increasing rate of urbanization, expected to see major growth in coming years. * Rise in disposable incomes, resulting in premium brands having faster growth and deeper penetration. * Innovative and stronger channels of distribution to the rural segment, leading to deeper penetration into this segment. Increase in rural non-agricultural income and benefits from government welfare programmes. * Investment in stock markets of FMCG companies, which are expected to grow cons tantly. This sector will continue to see growth as it depends on an ever-increasing internal market for consumption, and demand for these goods remains more or less constant, irrespective of recession or inflation. Hence this sector will grow, though it may not be a smooth growth path, due to the present world-wide economic slowdown, rising inflation and fall of the rupee.This sector will see good growth in the long run and hiring will continue to remain robust DEMAND FOR FMCG SECTOR Confidence of consumer product makers is waning as a delayed  monsoon  and lingering weakness in the economy threaten to subdue revenue growth for the sector in the next two quarters. Several marketers, including Dabur, Marico,  Godrej Consumer Products Ltd  (GCPL),  ITC  and  Emami, fear pressure on premium products and rural demand – two important growth drivers – in the coming months as sustained high  inflation  and a hold-up in monsoon could prompt buyers to tighten purse strings. While the high-end, super-premium segment does not get impacted by inflation, demand in the mass premium segment could contract if overall economic sentiment does not improve,† said Sunil Duggal, CEO ofDabur India, the maker of Real juices and Vatika shampoo. ABOUT HUL HUL is the market leader in Indian consumer products with presence in over 20 consumer categories such as soaps, tea, detergents and shampoos amongst others with over 700 million Indian consumers using its products. Seventeen of HUL’s brands featured in the  ACNielsen  Brand Equity list of 100 Most Trusted Brands Annual Survey (2011).The company also happens to have the highest number of brands in this list, with six brands featuring in the top 15 list. The company has a distribution channel of 6. 3 million outlets and owns 35 major Indian brands. Its brands include LABOR COST IN INDIA IS THE LOWEST AMONG THE EMERGING ASIAN COUNTRIES HUL RATIOS RATIO| 2012| 2011| 2010| 2009| 2008| Curre nt Ratio| 0. 8954| 0. 9000| 0. 81268| 0. 9834| 0. 65823| Quick Ratio| 0. 4978| 0. 4711| 0. 48604| 0. 5436| 0. 27253| Cash Flow Liquidity ratio| 0. 6038| 0. 5519| 0. 80573| 0. 6679| 0. 38392| Average Collection Period| 13. 343| 17. 560| 14. 0918| 10. 01| 12. 2710| Days Inventory Held| 48. 957| 59. 526| 53. 1215| 51. 365| 60. 4530| Days Payable Outstanding| 73. 481| 81. 979| 104. 886| 66. 724| 87. 8556| Account Receivable turnover| 27. 355| 20. 785| 25. 9014| 36. 494| 29. 7448| Accounts Payable Turnover| 3. 6017| 3. 0947| 2. 43856| 3. 9712| 3. 01573| Inventory Turnover| 5. 4059| 4. 2619| 4. 81485| 5. 1589| 4. 38272| Fixed assets turnover| 10. 36| 9. 01| 8. 01| 12. 34| 8. 87| Total Assets Turnover| 4. 9807| 5. 4970| 6. 59332| 7. 9313| 8. 55871| Debt Ratio| 0| 0| 0. 00402| 0. 1683| 0. 06321| LONG TERM DEBT TO CAPITAL EMPLOYED| 0| 0| 0. 00402| 0. 683| 0. 06321| gross profit ratio| 16. 449| 40. 107| 41. 4842| 49. 423| 51. 688| Operating Profit Ratio| 16. 456| 15. 911| 16. 8758| 15. 909| 1 8. 0540| Net Profit Ratio| 11. 947| 11. 520| 12. 2033| 12. 268| 13. 8754| Return on Investments| 59. 509| 63. 326| 80. 4618| 97. 307| 118. 755| Return on Equity| 76. 068| 84. 339| 81. 1040| 117. 42| 127. 232| Cash Return on Assets| 0. 4351| 0. 5281| 1. 29341| 0. 7963| 1. 07195| Price to Earning| 18. 569| 26. 227| 30. 0113| 37. 728| 56. 8245| Peer comparison s. no. | Name | Market capitalisation| Sales turnover| Net profit | Total assets| 1| GODREJ| 22933. 3| 2980. 08| 604. 39| 2761. 43| 2| DABUR| 22448. 83| 3759. 33| 463. 24| 1576. 54| 3| MARICO| 13361. 56| 2970. 30| 336. 58| 1677. 27| 4| EMAMI| 9101. 40| 1389. 82| 256. 81| 804. 23| 5| P&G| 8103. 50| 1297. 41| 181. 29| 600. 62| 6| GILLETTE| 7130. 13| 1232. 90| 75. 73| 600. 33| 7| JYOTHY LABS| 2860. 82| 662. 97| 83. 52| 1226. 42| 8| BAJAJ CORP. | 2926. 40| 473. 31| 120. 09| 427. 86| 9| HUL| 118139| 22116. 37| 2691. 40| 3512. 93| BALANCE SHEET OF HUL| ——————- in Rs. Cr. —— Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€-| | Mar '12| Mar '11| Mar '10| Mar '09| Dec '07| | | 12 mths| 12 mths| 12 mths| 15 mths| 12 mths| | | | | | |Sources Of Funds| | | | | | | | | | Total Share Capital| 216. 15| 215. 95| 218. 17| 217. 99| | | | | | | Equity Share Capital| 216. 15| 215. 95| 218. 17| 217. 99| 217. 75| | | | | | Share Application Money| 0. 00| 0. 00| 0. 00| 0. 00| 0. 00| | | | | | Preference Share Capital| 0. 00| 0. 00| 0. 00| 0. 00| | | | | | | Reserves| 3,296. 11| 2,417. 30| 2,364. 68| 1,842. 85| 217. 75| | | | | | Revaluation Reserves| 0. 67| 0. 67| 0. 67| 0. 67| 0. 67| | | | | | Networth| 3,512. 93| 2,633. 92| 2,583. 52| 2,061. 51| 1,439. 24| | | | | | Secured Loans| 0. 00| 0. 00| 0. 00| 144. 65| 25. 2| | | | | | Unsecured Loans| 0. 00| 0. 00| 0. 00| 277. 30| 63. 01| | | | | | Total Debt| 0. 00| 0. 00| 0. 00| 421. 95| 88. 53| | | | | | Total Liabilities| 3,512. 93| 2,633. 92| 2,583. 52| 2,483. 46| 1,527. 77| | | | | | | Mar '12| Mar '11| Mar '10| Mar '09| Dec '07| | | | | | | | 12 mths| 12 mths| 12 mths| 15 mths| 12 mths| | | | | | | Application Of Funds| | | | | | | | | | Gross Block| 3,574. 67| 3,759. 62| 3,581. 96| 2,881. 73| 2,669. 08| | | | | | Less: Accum. Depreciation| 1,416. 88| 1,590. 46| 1,419. 85| 1,274. 95| 1,146. 57| | | | | | Net Block| 2,157. 79| 2,169. 16| 2,162. 11| 1,606. 8| 1,522. 51| | | | | | Capital Work in Progress| 210. 89| 299. 08| 273. 96| 472. 07| 185. 64| | | | | | Investments| 2,438. 21| 1,260. 68| 1,264. 08| 332. 62| 1,440. 81| | | | | | Inventories| 2,516. 65| 2,811. 26| 2,179. 93| 2,528. 86| 1,953. 60| | | | | | Sundry Debtors| 678. 99| 943. 20| 678. 44| 536. 89| 443. 37| | | | | | Cash and Bank Balance| 510. 05| 281. 91| 231. 37| 190. 59| 200. 11| | | | | | Total Current Assets| 3,705. 69| 4,036. 37| 3,089. 74| 3,256. 34| 2,597. 08| | | | | | Loans and Advances| 1,314. 72| 1,099. 72| 1,068. 31| 1,196. 95| 1,083. 28| | | | | | Fixed Deposits| 1,319. 9| 1,358. 10| 1,660. 84| 1,586. 76| 0. 75| | | | | | Total CA, Loans & Ad vances| 6,340. 40| 6,494. 19| 5,818. 89| 6,040. 05| 3,681. 11| | | | | | Deffered Credit| 0. 00| 0. 00| 0. 00| 0. 00| 0. 00| | | | | | Current Liabilities| 5,688. 44| 6,264. 21| 5,493. 97| 4,440. 08| 4,028. 41| | | | | | Provisions| 1,945. 92| 1,324. 98| 1,441. 55| 1,527. 98| 1,273. 90| | | | | | Total CL & Provisions| 7,634. 36| 7,589. 19| 6,935. 52| 5,968. 06| 5,302. 31| | | | | | Net Current Assets| -1,293. 96| -1,095. 00| -1,116. 63| 71. 99| -1,621. 20| | | | | | Miscellaneous Expenses| 0. 00| 0. 00| 0. 00| 0. 0| 0. 00| | | | | | Total Assets| 3,512. 93| 2,633. 92| 2,583. 52| 2,483. 46| 1,527. 76| | | | | | CAPITAL ASSET PRICING METHOD 1. REQUIRED RATE OF RETURN = Risk free return +? (Risk premium) Ri = Rf + ? (Rm – Rf) = 8. 1 +0. 27 (6. 5) Ri = 9. 855% 2. ZERO GROWTH MODEL Where, dividend = Rs. 7. 5 Po = d/r = 7. 5/9. 855% Po = 76. 10 3. CONSTANT GROWTH MODEL (GORDON MODEL) PO = DO(1+g) r-g d1 r-g Where , growth rate = historical growth of average dividend paid of last 5 years g = 6. 75% = 7. 5(1+6. 75%) (9. 855-6. 75)% PO = 258. 266 4. Implicit growth P0 = d1 R – g Where, po = 534. 25, d1=8. 006 , r= 9. 855% P0 = d1 R – g 534. 25= 8. 006/ (0. 098-g) G= 0. 083 or 8. 3% Cash flow model Ri = 9. 855% Calculation of growth rate of cash flows =(1. 69*1. 51*. 54)1/3 -1 = . 1128 =11. 28% Assuming the abnormal growth of (11. 8%) is for 2 years, and after this the company is back to normal growth trajectory of 6% growth rate Cash flow from operation = 2884. 24 crore Vc = 2884. 24(1+. 1128)/(1+. 09) + 2884. 24(1+. 1128)2/(1+. 09)2 + 2884. 24(1+. 1128)2(1+. 06) (9. 855-6)% (1. 09)2 Vc = 88605 Vp = 0 Vd = 1000 Therefore, Ve = Vc – Vp – Vd = 88605-1000 = 85605 crore Total no. of shares outstanding = 216. 15 crore Po = Ve Total no. of shares outstanding = 85605/216. 15 Po = 396. 04 MULTIPLE MODEL p/e of company=32. 95 p/e of industry = 44. 0 price of company’s share = 534. 25 earnings for the company’s stock = price o f co. stock p/e of the co. =534. 25/32. 95 Earnings for the company’s stock = 16. 21 Po = Earning’s of company*P/E of industry =16. 21*44. 50 Po = 721. 345 Analysis: The current market price of the stock is Rs.. 534. 25 , as per the valuation of stock under distinct method , it is assessed that the stock is overvalued therefore new buyers should not invest at this point, whereas, those who are invested in share are advised to sell the share and enjoy the profits Performance of stock in last 1 year

Be Sure You’re Right, Then Go Ahead Essay

The Davy Crockett Gun Craze by Sarah Nilsen is an article about the effects of gunplay in the Davy Crockett cartoon series in the 1950s. The cartoon series depicted Davy Crockett as a hero with a gun, and to the younger viewers, it portrayed to them that guns were acceptable to use in play. The author, Sarah Nilsen, is a professor at the University of Vermont, and she teaches the history of television and film and how they affected popular culture and their influence on the audience (UVM.edu). In the article, Nilsen believes that the media can control their audience by portraying something in a positive light, and she uses the Davy Crockett craze as an example of how cartoons can change the image of guns to the public. With the use of examples and quotes in the article, Nilsen’s article flows well and provides a sufficient amount of information about the Davy Crockett gun craze. Throughout the article, Nilsen provides many great examples to help prove her point. A strong examp le that helped strengthen the article when she pointed out that in 1942, Disney came out with the film Bambi that was â€Å"anti-hunting and anti-gun,† which was contradictory of Disney because about 10 years later, Disney produced the Davy Crockett cartoon series that promoted gun use where the gun was the â€Å"center of his image and message† (Nilsen 3). This example helped prove her point that Disney is very contradictory of itself and the messages that they are sending children. Nilsen used another example that was a report of what a child said to show that the Disney shows were influencing children using guns; â€Å"In Brooklyn, New York, a six-year-old son of a policeman asked his father for real bullets because his little sister ‘doesn’t die for real when I shoot her like they do when Hopalong Cassidy kills ’em'† (Nilsen 4). Nilsen is showing the reader that children are being influenced by what they watch and it’s causing them to be desensitized about guns. Guns are seen as normal and since they are portrayed as toys, people aren’t going to be safe with them as they should be. Along with strong examples to help prove her points, Nilsen also uses many quotes in the article to support her points and show the reader that her points are valid and has done sufficient research. For example, she takes a quote from what media theorist Daniel Dayan when he says â€Å"ideology is hidden  in our very eyes† (Nilsen 2). She uses his quote as a reference and in the next sentence she validates the quote by saying that the Davy Crockett series displays the ideology that contradicts the message (Nilsen 2). All in all, Sarah Nilsen’s article, â€Å"Be Sure You’re Right, Then Go Ahead†: The Davy Crockett Gun Craze, is an overall excellent article. Nilsen draws out many great points through examples and stories to support her points. Her knowledge of the subject is eminent through her control of writing and use of valid sources to help validate her points. The writing had substance and flowed well to keep the reader on track and focused on the writing.