Tuesday, December 24, 2019

Sensitive periods - 2107 Words

Assignment 2: Define the term sensitive periods and link them appropriately to the child’s first stage of development. Explain how you would support these sensitive periods during this first crucial stage. Dr. Maria Montessori, basing on her scientific child observation, concluded that children learn and adjust to their surroundings on their own and by the means of inner powers (Montessori, 1966) they possess at birth: the Absorbent Mind (Montessori, 2007a), human tendencies (Montessori, 1966) and sensitive periods (Montessori, 1966). Essential skills acquisition and adjustment occurs in the first six years of life and requires a great deal of freedom, a mindful assistance of an adult and a favorable environment (Montessori,†¦show more content†¦This is a period of a â€Å"constructive perfectionment†(Montessori, 2007b, p153) through an active experience. Children look for purposeful activities, that will allow them to explore the environment and master their skills. Thus at this time the organs and mental abilities, that were firstly developed separately, are coming to the cohesion. Memory starts to appear, taking place of the mneme (Montessori, 2007a), where impressi ons from the first threeShow MoreRelatedSensitive Period to Order - Montessori1167 Words   |  5 Pagesthe child’s sensitive period for order. I will explain how it is catered for in the classroom, referring to materials and activities. Sensitive Periods The Sensitive Periods are the best times for a child to learn a specific skill and are critical to the child’s self development. The child has this inner urge to undertake the task in order to live. Although, once this period passes it is possible for the child to learn the new skill but with much more difficulty. A sensitive period that is preventedRead MoreMontessori - What Are the Six Sensitive Periods?1777 Words   |  8 PagesWhat are the 6 sensitive periods? Write 7 to 8 lines on each of them? The Sensitive Periods in a child’s life was Dr. Maria Montessori’s greatest discovery. Though it was first discovered by a Dutch Scientist, Hugo de Vries, it was on animals, but Dr. Maria Montessori found the existence of this period in children too. The term â€Å"Sensitive Period† is used for a specific period of a child’s mental growth, during which the different sensibilities enable him to choose from a complex environment whatRead MoreSensitive Periods1496 Words   |  6 PagesSensitive Periods Define the term sensitive periods Sensitive periods are a period in a child’s life where they are obsessed with certain aspects of learning without any particular reason. This period is an optimum time for development and children can really develop specific abilities and skills. When children are in their sensitive periods and working with any activity, they will not show any signs of fatigue and will repeat the activity a number of times. These periods last for a certainRead MoreDefine the Term Sensitive Periods and Link Them Appropriately to the Child’s First Stage of Development2382 Words   |  10 PagesFULL below: Define the term sensitive periods and link them appropriately to the child’s first stage of development. Explain how you would support these sensitive periods during this first crucial stage.- Briefly outline the stages of growth (planes of development). -Define the term sensitive periods and give full details of the six main periods, together with examples to show your understanding. -Explain why it is important to support and facilitate these periods during the child’s first stageRead MoreThe influence of the Absorbent Mind, and the Sensitive Periods on the childs development of movement, language and social skills.1448 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction In this essay I will define the Absorbent Mind and the Sensitive period and illustrate the influence of these periods on the child s development of movement, language and social skills. A child in his absorbent mind develops his movement, his language and social skills by soaking knowledge. He takes steps in different sensitive period and repeats his movements, words or social skill actions to improve and to perfect his movement, language and social skills. The Absorbent Mind: DrRead MoreSensitive Periods During The Caterpillar Of The Prosthesis Butterfly Essay2080 Words   |  9 PagesSENSITIVE PERIODS Introduction: ‘Sensitive periods’ is a term developed by the Dutch geneticist Hugo de Vries and later used by the Italian educator Maria Montessori. Montessori cites DeVries’ example of a Sensitive Period in the caterpillar of the Prosthesis butterfly. The caterpillar must feed on very tender leaves, and yet the butterfly lays its eggs in the most hidden fork of the branch, near the trunk of the tree. Who will show the little caterpillars hidden there, the moment they leave theRead MoreEssay on Sensitive Periods in Developement1258 Words   |  6 PagesSensitive Periods in Developement The child does not grow uniformly and homogeneously like a crystal or a carrot, but by stages or phases, which succeed one another and which, differ from one another. For proper growth and development it is necessary that the potentialities for developing human relationships with which the infant is born be exposed to the organizing influences of another human being. Accumulating evidence indicates that there exist critical developmental periods during whichRead MoreDefine the Term Sensitive Periods and Link Them Appropriately to the Child’s First Stage of Development. Explain How You Would Support These Sensitive Periods During This First Crucial Stage.2109 Words   |  9 PagesDefine the term sensitive periods and link them appropriately to the child’s first stage of development. Explain how you would support these sensitive periods during this first crucial stage. In this essay I will define the term sensitive periods linking it with stage of development, I will also outline the importance of these periods , the consequences of not recognising it, and finally how we can support children in this crucial time. A sensitive periods refers to a special sensibilityRead MoreIn South Africa, adolescence is a sensitive period, and not a critical period, for identity1600 Words   |  7 PagesSouth Africa, adolescence is a sensitive period, and not a critical period, for identity development as it is â€Å"a period during which normal development is most sensitive to abnormal environmental conditions† (Bruer, 2001). When looking at South Africa particularly, the abnormal environmental conditions would be apartheid, and one will see its profound effects on identity development. Adolescence is a sensitive period rather than a critical period as a critical period focuses on a system that â€Å"requiresRead MoreSensitive Periods in Early Development Essay examples1346 Words   |  6 PagesSensitive Periods in Early Development From the moment of conception to the moment we are born and grow into adulthood, the timing of even the first beginning of our life journey is crucial. Even the timing of fertilization can be too soon or too late in which will cause the organism to be destroyed. (The Development of Children, 2nd ed). The mother carrying a baby has a responsibility to ensure enough nutrition is supplied for the rapid growth of the organism. However

Monday, December 16, 2019

Law Revision Free Essays

She care for her own self interest and has not bring a new product opportunity to FAA Case: Re Come 191 1 Fact: A father had been assisted in his business by his second son. After the father’s death, the mother transferred the business assets to that second son. After her death, the elder son sought the transfer Of those assets back into her estate, saying that in the absence of her having taken independent advice, the younger son’s position brought an implication of undue influence. We will write a custom essay sample on Law Revision or any similar topic only for you Order Now Director’s fiduciary duties are owed only to the company, not to the individual share holders. Case: Percival v Wright 1902 Facts: Percival wished to sell his shares in the company and wrote to the company secretary asking if he knew f anyone willing to buy. After negotiations, the chairman of the board of directors arranged the purchase of 253 shares, 85 for himself and 84 for each of his fellow directors at a price based on Percival valuation of the shares. The transfers were approved by the board and the transactions completed. Soon afterwards, Percival discovered that prior to and during the negotiations for the sale of his shares, another person was negotiating with the board for the purchase of the whole company and was offering various prices for shares, all of which exceeded the price paid to Percival. Percival then brought n action against the directors asking for the sale of his shares to be set aside for non-disclosure. Held: The directors are not trustee for the individual shareholders and may purchase their shares without disclosing that they are negotiating for the sale of the entire company. Fruity has not informed to the board of FAA when she set up a company called Cure Life Ltd (CLC) and become majority shareholder. Case: The board of trustees of the Saba Foundation Or’s v Dates Seed chick bin Seed Mohamed nor [1 999] ‘A fiduciary is someone who has undertake to act for or on behalf of another in a particular tater in circumstances which give rise to a relationship of trust and confidence. The distinguishing obligation of a fiduciary is the obligation of loyalty. The principal is entitled to the single minded loyalty of his fiduciary†¦ This core liability has several facts. A fiduciary must act in good faith; he must not make for his own benefit or the benefit of a third person without the informed consent Of his principal. This is not intended to be an exhaustive list, but it is sufficient to indicate the nature of fiduciary obligations.. They are the defining characteristics of the fiduciary†¦ E is not subject to fiduciary obligations because he is fiduciary; it is because he is subject to them that he is a fiduciary. ‘ The key fide carry obligations of the directors are To act Boniface in the interest of the company Directors are required to act Boniface for the benefit of the company as a whole. The Act also imposes similar duty on directors: SSL 32 (1) Case: Re Lee Barrens Ltd [1932] Facts: A dispute arose over the purchase by the company of pension policies for the benefit of employees and their spouses. It was claimed that the particular policy issued was a misuse of the directors’ power. Held: The judge set out a three part test for determining whether the directors were using their powers properly: (1) Was the transaction entered into in good faith? (2) Was the transaction reasonably incidental to the carrying on of the company’s business? (3) Was the transaction done for the benefit of the company and to promote its prosperity? 1) No (2) NO (3) Yes TO exercise their power under the company’s constitution for proper purpose Because directors are fiduciaries they can only exercise powers given to them for the purpose for which those powers were given and for no other purpose or which those powers were given and for no other purpose, and the exercise of a power for an improper purpose can be challenged even if the directors’ good faith is not in question To avoid conflict of interest and not to profit from their position In the situation, Fruity has proposed FAA enters into a contract with CLC to buy supplies of the organic fruit drink product for resale. The board agrees and as part of the contract Fruity negotiates with the board that she will be paid RUMOR,000 commission because she drew the board’s attention to this new product opportunity. The board of FAA did not know that Fruity is the majority shareholder of CLC. There is a conflict of interest between the two position Managing Director of Freshness Always Sad Bad and as the majority shareholder of CLC. Fruity also has set up the price for commission of RUMOR,OOH to draw attention towards the new product opportunity. Case: Aberdeen Railway co v Blaine Brose [1843-60] Facts: The railway company agreed to buy chairs from a partnership, Blaine Brose. Blaine, a member of the partnership was also a director of the company. When the partners tried to enforce the contract the company successfully claimed that the contract was avoidable owing to the director’s conflict of interest. Held: Lord Charwoman said: â€Å"His duty to the company imposed on him the obligation of obtaining these iron chairs at the lowest possible price. His personal interest would let him in an entirely opposite direction – would induce him to fix the price as high as possible. This is the very evil against which the rule is directed. † A director has a duty not to make a personal profit out of his connection with the company. This rule applies even if no loss is suffered by the company. However, if he does he must count for the profit to the company. Fruity has make a personal profit in connection with FAA and CLC. The FAA may suffer no loss due to FAA makes large profits selling the organic green product. Case: Industrial Development Consultants Ltd v Cooley [1 972] Facts: The managing director of IDS attempted to secure a contract on Id’s behalf with the Eastern Gas Board. KGB indicated to him that they were not prepared to deal with IDS but might be prepared to contract with the director (Cooley) personally. Cooley then represented to IDS that he was ill and was allowed to terminate his contract t short notice. He then negotiated with KGB and obtained the consultancy for himself. Held: He must account to IDS for the profit he obtained for the contracts. He was in breach of duty and it was immaterial that IDS could not have obtained the contract itself. Case: Cook v Deeds [1 91 6] Facts: Three directors of the Toronto Construction Co Ltd were supposed to be negotiating a construction contract on behalf of the company. Instead they formed another company and took the Contract for themselves. They were holders of 75% of the share capital of Toronto Construction, and used this charity to pass a resolution at general meeting that the company had no interest in the contract. Held: A director can normally keep a personal profit the company consents, but this consent is invalid if the director concerned controls the voting at general meeting. This was fraud on the minority. Section 131 (1) requires a director who is directly or indirectly interested in a contract with his company to declare promptly the nature of that interest at meeting of directors. Section 132(1) imposes a broad duty on directors at all the times to act honestly and exercise reasonable diligence in the exercise of heir power and the discharge of the duties of their office. This is based on a question of fact: case Yen Hinge enterprise Sad Bad v Dates Dry Eng pooh Aka [1 988] Regarding the extend of the meaning of â€Å"honesty’, the case of Multi Pack Singapore pet Ltd ( In Receivership ) v Interact Ltd Or’s [1994] explains that this does not mean that the directors had acted fraudulently, it means that he must act bona fide in the interests of the company and that in exercising his creation, the director should act only to promote and advance the interest of the company’. Misuse of confidential information How to cite Law Revision, Essays

Saturday, December 7, 2019

Importance Of Health Literacy Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Importance Of Health Literacy. Answer: Importance of Health Literacy Literacy is the ability to read, write, and interpret information. Health literacy involves the ability of an individual to acquire, interpret and understand information on health to help in making critical health decisions. Communication is the process through which information is conveyed from one point to another or from one person to another through different channels. Effective communication is important in our day to day lives, because it is through effective communication that we are able to listen, learn and understand. Effective communication can make an illiterate person understand any information being conveyed. One of the major problems in Australia that increase the rate of chronic diseases and illness is illiteracy. The fact that a patient is not able to read, write and interpret medical information can adversely affect the patients health in various ways (Hernandez, 2013).. It is the responsibility of both the patient and the doctor or nurse to make sure that each of t hem is on the same track in order to help the patient understand what is expected of them when it comes to medication and self-management. Effective communication goes a long way in helping a patient in understanding their Illness, what is expected of them during their treatment and how to take their medication. Strategies There are different effective intervention strategies which can help improve the illiterate people in being at par with their doctors or nurses in charge this includes; using oral literacy. People come from different backgrounds and ethnic group, this is the same even in patients who have chronic illness. They have different backgrounds, and their level of literacy is also different. Oral literacy is one of the most important strategies that should be put in place to help the patients understand the doctor and nurses. Oral literacy is a basic need for better communication between the patient and the doctor, the patients need to get the information as intended, and they also need to understand the information given to them. The doctors are advised to use a plain language without jargons which can be clearly understood by the patient. They also need to speak slow and fluently explaining to the patient what they are suffering from, the kind medication and treatment prescribed to them an d how they should take the medication. Doctors should create a more interactive conversation to understand the patients concern as well so that the patients need can be looked into during their conversation, and through this the patient will absolutely understand their conditions and the reason for their medication. The second strategy is print literacy, print is one of the most common ways for doctor-patient communication within the system. There is a high possibility that most patients do not understand most of the prescriptions written by the doctor and directions written on their medication. Print literacy helps the patient to understand doctors prescriptions among other things (De Chesnay Anderson 2012). People who are illiterate will barely understand most of the writings on their medication and this can lead to an overdose or underdose. It is important that when the doctor is writing they should use big fonts, clear words with plain language. They should include appropriate diagrams for illustrations, the writing should be straight to the point explaining for example what time to take medications and the writing should avoid errors because this might bring confusion to the patient. Numeracy is an element of health literacy referring to the ability to understand numbers. It is important t o put in place a system that helps the patents understand numerical information since this is always part of print as a means of passing important information to the patient regarding his or her health. Illiterate patients cannot understand most of the numeric information that are written on their medication or prescriptions. Most of these patients whose suffer from chronic diseases are old, tired and just need great care and time to adjust, most of them cannot perform even a simple calculation. These are some of the reasons as to why it is even hard for them to determine when their next appointment schedule is. Ideas learnt As a nurse student, I have learned is that its not good to make an assumption about a patient with chronic illness, thinking that they are aware of what they are doing at health facilities. This is important because it will help me make sure they understand their conditions, treatment, and medication by giving them the right information that they need and allowing them to ask as many questions for this will give them the knowledge for their conditions and the responsibilities required of them. The second idea is that, when dealing with a chronically ill patient, it is important that the information is tailored in a way that it conveys the important information regarding the patients health and at the same time educating the patient about their health. The information should be easy to read, understand and interpret for the purpose of a positive feedback (Schwartzberg, Vangeest, Wang 2005). Another idea learned is the importance of motivation, patients with chronic illness are very v ulnerable and they need great care. When attending to patients with chronic illness its important that they are motivated to take their medication, to come for checkups on the required date and to make them understand that their condition is manageable but its upon them to take care of themselves too and to have a positive attitude. The way you treat a patient can either help them in improving their health conditions or can make their conditions worse because they may decide to leave medication and take it only when they feel unwell or skip the checkup dates because they wont see the essence of it. Observations Health literacy is a major concern because of its effects both the literate and the illiterate. Due to low health literacy, there are a lot of problems that many people incur due to their low level of literacy. In these scenarios, the first observation made is that there are people who can read and write but the cannot understand the medical terms and this leads to the misunderstanding of how to take their medication and this can lead to adverse effects on the patient. It is necessary that health literacy education is important to all people across the board. Another observation made is that most doctors give medication to the patients without explanation as to why they need the medication, what are they ailing from, and what is the medicine meant to treat and for how long. The medics leave the patients to figure out all these questions on their own and this is the reason as to why some patients wont take medication because they do not know what they are suffering from and the kind o f medication given to them (Pleasant, Greer, Zarcadoolas 2013). If the doctors could clearly explain this kind of issues then they would increase the chances of making their patients aware of why they need medication. The last observation made is that there are patients who cannot read well and write. This group of patients has a big problem on reading the labels on their medication and this often leads to underdose or overdose, or even poor timing of the medication. These patients do not know the time intervals for their medication because its written in a medical language that is complicated and they can barely understand. The doctors should, therefore, write in a layman language that anyone can understand (Bastable, Gramet, Jacobs, Sopczyk 2011). Another observation related to this is the fact that some patients cannot write and on their visits to the doctor they are given forms to fill and this is a turn off for those who cannot read and write and because they do not want to s how their level of illiteracy they prefer going back without getting assistance. Brown bag medication review is when the patients are encouraged to bring in all their medications for review. Brown bag medication is of importance when dealing with patients with chronic illness because it will help in understanding the patients progress and the kind of medication they are taking. Brown bag medication is important for establishing the reasons as to why the patient, for example, could not be responding to the medication. Secondly, this review is of help to the patient because if in case of a new symptom the doctor can easily detect the cause of the symptom and find an alternative. Lastly, this medication review helps the doctor in checking if the patient is taking their medications correctly as directed. Communication tip Talk-ask-talk way of communication is important because it gives room for interactions with the patient to understand how well the patient is conversant with their illness, medication and the condition among others things. Teach-back method in this case is important because during the interactions the patient is able to learn a few things, and with teach back method the patient is given time to say it back what he is being told and this is one of the most effective methods of making sure that the patient has completely understood what he is being told or advised by the doctor to do. Roles of nurse navigator Nurse navigator is a registered nurse who has an in-depth understanding of the health system and responsible for providing the needed services for patients with chronic illness who require a high level of clinical care (Bastable, 2014). Navigators can help the low health literate patients who cannot read and right by helping the patients find the right service, at the right time and the right place. Secondly, they should help the patients by creating an interactive communication with the patient to get the patients concern and answer, this makes the patient free to ask anything they are concerned about. Lastly, the navigators should educate the patients so that they can understand their conditions and other issues of concern through this the patient can be able to make clear decisions hence improving their health outcome. In conclusion, advocating for health literacy is very vital, since it is the only key through which people are able to understand their health conditions, reasons f or them to take their medication as prescribed and this will definitely change the worldview of the patients with chronic illness. References Bastable, S. B. 2014.Nurse as educator: principles of teaching and learning for nursing practice. Burlington, MA, Jones Bartlett Learning. Bastable, S. B., Gramet, P., Jacobs, K., Sopczyk, D. L. 2011.Health professional as educator: principles of teaching and learning. Sudbury, MA, Jones Bartlett Learning. De Chesnay, M., Anderson, B. A. 2012.Caring for the vulnerable: perspectives in nursing theory, practice, and research. Burlington, MA, Jones Bartlett Learning. https://www.r2library.com/Resource/Title/144963592X. Hernandez, L. M. 2013.Health literacy: improving health, health systems, and health policy around the world : workshop summary. Pleasant, A., Greer, D. S., Zarcadoolas, C. 2013.Advancing health literacy: a framework for understanding and action. San Francisco, Calif, Jossey-Bass. https://rbdigital.oneclickdigital.com. Schwartzberg, J. G., Vangeest, J., Wang, C. 2005.Understanding health literacy: implications for medicine and public health. [Chicago, Ill.], American Medical Association.